考研英语中，从句是语法的重要组成部分，主要包括以下几种：
1. 名词性从句：包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
- 主语从句：引导词为that、who、whom、which、what等，如：What he said is true.
- 宾语从句：引导词为that、whether、if、who、whom、which、what等，如：I don't know whether he will come.
- 表语从句：引导词为that、whether、if等，如：The problem is whether we can finish it on time.
- 同位语从句：引导词为that，如：The fact that he is absent is a problem.
2. 状语从句：包括时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、结果状语从句、条件状语从句、目的状语从句、让步状语从句和比较状语从句。
- 时间状语从句：引导词为when、while、before、after、as、since、until等，如：I will go to school when the bell rings.
- 地点状语从句：引导词为where、wherever等，如：He lives where the sun rises.
- 原因状语从句：引导词为because、since、as、now that等，如：He is late because he got up late.
- 结果状语从句：引导词为so...that、such...that等，如：He is so tired that he can't go on.
- 条件状语从句：引导词为if、unless、provided that、on condition that等，如：If you study hard, you will pass the exam.
- 目的状语从句：引导词为in order that、so that等，如：He got up early in order that he could catch the train.
- 让步状语从句：引导词为though、although、even if、even though等，如：Even though he is rich, he is not happy.
- 比较状语从句：引导词为than、as...as等，如：He is taller than I.
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