电气英语考研真题答案解析如下：
1. 真题一：What is the purpose of electrical insulation in transformers?
答案：The purpose of electrical insulation in transformers is to prevent electrical leakage and short circuits, ensuring safe and efficient operation.
2. 真题二：How does the transformer work?
答案：The transformer works based on the principle of electromagnetic induction. It consists of a primary winding and a secondary winding, which are electrically isolated. When an alternating current flows through the primary winding, it creates a varying magnetic field that induces a voltage in the secondary winding.
3. 真题三：What is the function of a capacitor in an AC circuit?
答案：In an AC circuit, a capacitor functions as a reactance, opposing the flow of alternating current. It stores electrical energy during the positive half-cycle and releases it during the negative half-cycle, thereby smoothing out the voltage fluctuations.
4. 真题四：How does the inductor affect the current flow in a circuit?
答案：The inductor opposes the change in current flow in a circuit. When the current in the circuit increases, the inductor generates a back electromotive force (EMF) that resists the increase, and when the current decreases, it generates an EMF that tries to maintain the current.
5. 真题五：What is the difference between AC and DC?
答案：AC (alternating current) is a type of electrical current that changes its direction periodically, whereas DC (direct current) flows in one direction consistently.
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