在英语真题中，短语的理解和运用是考查的重点。以下是一些常见的短语及其在考研答案中的应用示例：
1. break down - 表示“分解，崩溃”。
答案示例：The project eventually broke down due to lack of funding.
2. turn out - 表示“结果是，证明是”。
答案示例：The experiment turned out to be a success, contrary to our expectations.
3. set off - 表示“出发，引起”。
答案示例：The explosion set off a chain reaction, causing widespread damage.
4. get along - 表示“相处融洽”。
答案示例：They have been getting along well since they moved in together.
5. figure out - 表示“弄清楚，解决”。
答案示例：After much thought, she finally figured out the mystery.
6. take over - 表示“接管，控制”。
答案示例：The company was taken over by a rival firm last year.
7. look after - 表示“照顾，照料”。
答案示例：She has been looking after her elderly mother since her father passed away.
8. get through - 表示“通过，完成”。
答案示例：He managed to get through the exam with only a few days of preparation.
9. put off - 表示“推迟，延期”。
答案示例：The meeting has been put off until next week due to unforeseen circumstances.
10. carry out - 表示“执行，实施”。
答案示例：The government has promised to carry out a series of reforms to improve public services.
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